Russia, one of the traditional European powers, challenged the United States and Western Europe under the Soviet regime during the Cold War, which also ended in defeat.
Is China replacing the United States in the Middle East?
Experts on the Middle East have told Reuters that China mediating between Iran and Saudi Arabia, and Israel and Palestine might stabilize the war-torn region.
In addition, the tendency to avoid sanctions, the impulse to avoid other external influences, and the fact that the dollar's role as an international reserve currency is increasingly being replaced by gold, the euro, and the renminbi all contribute to the same end.
Read: Can Turkey’s Artificial Intelligence Strategy Be a Game Changer?
How China, the EU, and Italy regulate the use of ChatGPT
In the face of a long list of threats, it has become inevitable for governments to develop regulations and guidelines in order to control the development of technologies.
Read: Apology and Acknowledgement: Algerians Recall France’s Colonial History
Even though President Macron introduced some of the most Islamophobic legislation in Europe during his first term and Muslims have become a minority in France that is routinely targeted and discriminated against, Macron has shown restraint on this occasion.
Read: Man of Contradictions: Joko Widodo and the Struggle to Remake IndonesiaUnlike Muslims in European countries and partly in the Middle East, where the debate and discourse on fiqh has been highly dynamic and has moved from the era of toxic nationalism to the era of equality for all, Indonesia is still fairly divided along class and interest group lines, where the discourse on these issues remains vulnerable to politicization by middle and upper class bureaucrats, professionals and politicians.
Read: Turkey and Greece: Exploratory Talks under the Shadow of Third Parties
A rapid privatization drive
During this period, the party stepped back from its radical rhetoric, concluded a debt restructuring agreement with the EU, and failed to implement its own program on economic policies, civilianization, secularism, and human rights.
Naved Bakali and Farid Hafez, The rise of global Islamophobia in the War on Terror: Coloniality, race, and Islam (Manchester University Press 2022) ISBN: 978-1-5261-6175-8, 264 pagesRead: EU Court Refuses to Address Discrimination against MuslimsIslamophobia in France: The Construction of the "Muslim Problem" presents a groundbreaking examination of the multifaceted nature of Islamophobia in the country.
The media was ablaze with theories, circulating in well-established journals and newspapers, attempting to decipher why Turkey was impeding Swedish and Finnish accession: Was Erdoğan maneuvering to gain leverage in the F-35 and F-16 negotiations with the Biden administration? Was Turkey seeking to regain political prominence, or was there a complex plot aimed at assisting Vladimir Putin in managing a crisis?Read: The EU and the PKK: Hypocrisy and Double-Standards at LargeIt is likely that the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Sweden’s reference to the PKK does not solely pertain to the public demonstrations occasionally held by the organization and its supporters in Sweden.
In particular, the longer-term international financing possibilities offered by the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Islamic Development Bank (IDB), and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) could prove very helpful in the future.
Read: China Beware, Russia-Ukraine War Unified EU and NATO As Never BeforeThe PKK's demonstrations in Sweden, the Swedish government's authorization of these demonstrations, and incidents such as the burning of the Quran show that, from Turkey's point of view, Sweden's NATO membership was hard to support.
Although some NATO members, such as Germany, were initially reluctant, they have come around to Washington's line under pressure from their domestic public opinion, Europe, and the United States.