De-Dollarizing Trade: How the Global Trade Finance Gets More Nationalized
The Turkish lira is also now heavily used in Syria and Libya by citizens who do not trust the value on their own national currencies and wish to continue trade with Turkey.
Global Food Insecurity Looms as the War in Ukraine Continues
Ukraine is an important supplier to many North African markets, including Egypt and Libya, as well as the EU and China.
Euro-Med Researcher: “Migration Muted in Tunisia”
Many refugees choose Libya and Tunisia as points of departure for Europe.
The Geopolitics of Russia-Turkey Relations amid the Ukraine War
Read: What Role Can Turkey Play Between Russia and Ukraine in Antalya?Furthermore, Russia and Turkey developed a model of damage control through high-level dialogue, compartmentalization of issues, and keeping cooperation intact, especially in Syria, Ukraine, and Libya, where Ankara and Moscow have different approaches.
Foreign Fighters Arrive in Scores to Fight in Ukraine
Russia has previously used the private military company Wagner Group in Syria, Crimea, and Libya.
The Urge to Kill to Survive: Russia’s Imperialist Expansionism Explained
Read: Iran’s Bitter Choice and the Russia-Ukraine WarSecond, Russian private military companies such as the Wagner Group are sent to war zones to support pro-Russian figures such as Khalifa Haftar of Libya and attempt to encircle NATO for strategic leverage such as the Russian military presence in Africa.
Stability, Resilience and Chaos in the New World Order
In other words, the pandemic could not prevent conflicts across the globe, like those in Syria and Libya, while its consequences can devastate the order of the international political system.
What Role Can Turkey Play Between Russia and Ukraine in Antalya?
President Erdoğan was able to strengthen both Turkey’s effectiveness and diplomatic power in many regional issues such as northern Syria, Libya, the Eastern Mediterranean, and the Southern Caucasus.
Turkey and Israel: A Marriage of Convenience and Necessity?
Biden is starkly different than Trump, who had given a carte blanche to the aggressive and expansionist ventures of his “favorite dictators” in the Middle East, such as those in Yemen and Libya.
The GCC States’ Russian Dilemma
“Moscow has increasingly embedded itself in the Middle East region, in Syria, Libya and through OPEC+ so that none of the GCC states wants to spoil the relations with Russia,” said Nikolay Kozhanov, associate professor at Qatar University’s Gulf Studies Program, to Politics Today.
Dependent on Russian Gas: Europe Must Reconsider Its Energy Security
led the international community-imposed sanctions on Iran, Venezuela, or Libya – all three are members of OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries), and Iran is the second-largest producer of crude oil in the organization.
What French Presidential Election Means for French Muslims and Turkey
More specifically the tensions in Libya, Syria, and the Eastern Mediterranean, where the concerned parties are in direct confrontation, are likely to remain.
Turkey-Saudi Normalization: A Larger Regional Bloc at the Door?
What does Saudi Arabia expect?
In general, better Arab-Turkish relations could stimulate the development of a regional stabilization plan for dealing with the crises in Yemen, Libya, and Syria; create measures to deter Iran’s influence; and converge stances for reacting to the changing world order given the rise of China.
What Does the Current Ukraine Crisis Mean for Stockholm?
New-generation leaders of both social democrats and center right-wing moderates have confronted such problems as the West continued to make geopolitical and military mistakes in Iraq, Syria, Libya, Afghanistan, and elsewhere around the Mediterranean and the Near East.
With the US Withdrawing Its Support, Can the EastMed Project Now Turn Regional?
The tension has primarily been between Turkey, Greece, and the GCA, and escalated with further delimitation agreements such as those between Lebanon and the GCA (2007), Israel and the GCA (2010), Turkey and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) (2011), Turkey and Libya (2019), and Greece and Egypt (2020).
UAE Foreign Policy: Good Neighborliness for Now?
The new pragmatism of the UAE foreign policy resulted from the Emirati decision-makers’ abandonment of a proactive foreign policy and military interventions in Syria, Yemen, and Libya.
Wagner Group Strengthens Its Hold in Africa
Syria and Libya were two countries where Russia's involvement in civil wars and alleged employment of Wagner Group proxies were most visible.
Can the Greek Strategy of Counterbalancing Turkey Work?
These UAVs and UCAVs are Turkey’s strong trump card: they are battle-proven and have proven to be game changers in conflict zones such as Syria, Nagorno-Karabakh, and Libya.
Macron, the Gulf, and Islam
” For it is not only a question of arms sales, but of a community of views and coordination between Abu Dhabi and Paris in the “war against terrorism” (notably in Libya), and in the fight against “political Islam,” as shown by the presence on the trip of Laurent Nuñez, the national coordinator of intelligence and the fight against terrorism.
France-Greece-Saudi Arabia Alliance in the Eastern Mediterranean
Turkey's alliance formation was limited to Algeria and the Libyan Government of National Accord (GNA), while limitations from the European power also hindered the process.
