The idea of global messianic universalism under Western leadership—especially that of the UnitedStates—is fading away as the world grows more diverse and unstable in the wake of Western ascendency after the outcomes of the Cold War.
Read: Iran's Proxies in the Middle East: A Halted Transition to Politics?Although the UnitedStates joined the nuclear negotiations in April 2021, the negotiations stalled in May.
As the global shipping slowed because of COVID19-related restrictions, manufacturing industries were also urged to relocate their factories from China to the UnitedStates and Europe.
During the UN Security Council vote condemning the Russian invasion of Ukraine, one of the UnitedStates’ most important partners in the Gulf, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), ignored Washington’s pleas and abstained from condemning the invasion.
mid the Russia-Ukraine war in Europe, the UnitedStates has reaffirmed its commitment to counter China in the strategically vital Indo-Pacific region, by putting $2.
Read: China Beware, Russia-Ukraine War Unified EU and NATO As Never Before
The second decade after the Cold War
The second decade following the end of the Cold War was sealed by 9/11 when the UnitedStates’ “war on terror” and NATO’s activation of Article 5 for the first time in its history brought the alliance into Afghanistan.
What makes Russia a suitable supplier of arms to certain Southeast Asian countries is that it offers cheaper equipment, barter as a payment alternative, and does not consider human rights records unlike Europe and the UnitedStates.
Read: Russia’s War in Ukraine and the Global Struggle for Power
The UnitedStates: double standards?
The UnitedStates has been publicly accusing the Russian military and civilian leadership of war crimes.
The “National Security Strategy” defines the main principles of Ukraine’s national security, which include identifying Russia as a long-term threat to its national security and developing closer relations with the European Union, NATO, and the UnitedStates.
Read: An Axis of Evil: Why Russia and China Protect Myanmar’s Military RegimeWashington’s strategic calculation, namely that by not calling crimes against the Rohingya a genocide, the UnitedStates would in due course steer Myanmar’s most powerful stakeholder, the military, away from Washington’s number one imperial rival, China, also proved patently false.
According to news on social media, Russian cyber threat actors such as Conti, APT28, APT29, Turla, CyberBerkut, Sandworm, Gamaredon, and GhostWriter target not only Ukraine but also conduct cyberattacks against NATO, Europe, and the UnitedStates.
An essential issue that the new governments must approach is the resumption of diplomatic ties between South American countries, shattered by the influence of the UnitedStates.
As long as Russia and the UnitedStates batter one another, China can enjoy some breathing space from American efforts to surround it with a new maritime coalition.
Japan was quick to adopt sanctions in line with the UnitedStates, and has stressed at every turn that it stands shoulder to shoulder with its international partners in the West.
Read: The GCC States’ Russian Dilemma
Food insecurity in the MENA region is a growing challenge
Even before the Russia-Ukraine war and the COVID19 pandemic, the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimated that over 55 million of the 415 million MENA population was undernourished.
invasion of Iraq in 2003, the Russian invasion of Georgia in 2008, the unlawful withdrawal of the UnitedStates from the Iran nuclear deal in 2018, and Israel's bombing of Gaza, can be analyzed as decisive in shaping Putin's Ukraine policy.
Filippo Grandi, the United Nations high commissioner of refugees, recently identified the refugee crisis in Ukraine as “the fastest-growing refugee crisis in Europe since World War Two.