At the same time, the 1970s witnessed significant geopolitical upheavals, marked by the oil crisis caused by conflicts, wars, and political changes in the Middle East.
As Russian forces advanced, cities and towns across Ukraine were transformed into battlefields, with civilians caught in the crossfire and their lives altered by the devastating consequences of war.
Theodore II shuns any efforts to politicize the Orthodox faith: in one of his latest statements, he warned the Orthodox world of the danger of Moscow’s political ambitions in Africa.
This decision came at a time when the world was struggling with the economic impacts from Russia’s warinUkraine while also recovering from the effects of the pandemic.
The two devastating World Wars and the Cold War were major turning points in the twentieth century; however, in terms of shaking the power of "Western supremacy," a very important undercurrent in the development of global politics, these developments did not have a significant impact.
Given China's cooperation with Russia on specific agendas, the global competition may continue in West Africa and these actors might evaluate the situation in the region as an opportunity for Russia to continue the warinUkraine and squeeze the West in the energy sector.
The Russia-Ukrainewar, in fact, ignited a profound transformation within Finland's national security and defense policy, prompting considerations regarding potential accession to NATO.
In the early stages of the Russia-Ukrainewar, Berlin was only prepared to provide Ukraine with troops, but it has now supplied the country with Leopard 2 tanks and advanced air defence missiles.
Read: How Germany's Foreign Policy Changed towards Russia after the WarinUkraine
Three pillars
The new national security strategy is based on three pillars.
From the 1990s onwards, political and economic cooperation accelerated through the signing of a series of agreements: the Agreement on Economic and Trade Cooperation (1992), the Agreement on Visa Exemption (1992), the Agreement on Scientific-Technical Cooperation, the Air Services Agreement (2011) and the Agreement on Customs Cooperation and Mutual Assistance (2018), among others.
possess nearly 90 percent of all nuclear weapons in the world, and that the sizes of their nuclear arsenals remained relatively stable in 2022, despite the decline in transparency about nuclear forces in both countries following the start of the warinUkrainein February 2022.
Read: Can China Stop the UkraineWar?
Released in early January
According to Bellingcat, an Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) website, some of the documents may have been released as early as January 2023 or even before.
Right-wing terrorism has swiftly emerged as the rapidest growing and, in some cases, the most prominent domestic security menace, as underscored by the UN Security Council Counter-Terrorism Committee—not to mention the far right’s harmful everyday rhetoric towards migrants and people of color.