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A Brief History of 100 Years of the Turkish Defense Industry

The developmental phases of the Turkish defense industry can be outlined in the following phases: (i) Early Republican era (1923-1950), (ii) NATO accession (1952-1964), (iii) the Cyprus Peace Operation (1964-1978), (iv) embargoes on the Turkish defense industry (1980-1990, (v) change in domestic and foreign procurement models (1990-2002), and (vii) the final development phase of the Turkish war industry 2003-2023.

Turkey’s National Intelligence Organization, the PKK, and Turkish Elections

Especially after the July 15 coup attempt, there have been significant developments in the organization’s capabilities: the MIT, whose human capital and technical capabilities have significantly increased, started to assume important roles in carrying out pivotal operations both within Turkey and across the border in Iraq and Syria, such as Operation Euphrates Shield, Operation Olive Branch, and Operation Peace Spring.