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The Missing Piece of the Middle East Chessboard: Russia

Read: Gaza Attack Shifts Russia-Israel Relations, Impacting Middle Eastern Geopolitics The USSR’s leading role in every crisis in the Middle East After the "Iranian crisis" of 1946, which sounded the first alarm bells of the First Cold War, the Soviet Union never shied away from taking part, and even playing a leading role, in every major development in the Middle East.

Turkish-Russian Relations from Peter the Great to Putin

Tsarina Catherine's "Eastern Project," the naval Battle of Çeşme in 1770, the 1833 Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi, the Crimean War of 1853-1856, the Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-1878, World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution, the Montreux Straits Convention and World War II, the First Cold War, the dissolution of the USSR and the Syrian civil war have all had a direct impact on the shaping of Turkish-Russian relations.