nterest in the history of statehood arose in the minds of the intellectual elite of the Russian society in the second half of the 18th century, largely under the influence of the French Enlightenment, the ideas of which Empress Catherine II tried to apply locally in the first decade of her reign.
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Other than global peace and conflict trends, the Russia-based concerns of 2020 have acted as a reminder of a crucial fact: Russian expansionism, essentially towards Europe, reminiscent of Cold War conflicts, can be reviewed along the concepts of conventionality/unconventionality, regularity/irregularity, or stability operations.
fter the Russian military invasion of Ukraine, the West has unanimously slapped severe sanctions on Moscow that, at the moment, have further raised energy and commodity prices in the international market.
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The escalation between Russia and Western states over NATO enlargement turned into a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, as Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered a “special military operation” on February 24, 2022.
any policy-makers had warned of the potential Russian aggression against Ukraine, but with few exceptions nobody had expected Putin’s war jets to bomb the capital of Ukraine or the Russian army to invade Ukrainian territory.
he world is witnessing a dramatic revival of the 20th-century bipolar geopolitical order featuring the Soviet Union, today’s Russia, on the one side, and the United States on the other.
Are those who cannot come to terms with the past doomed to repeat its mistakes? Many argue that Russia has always sought to satisfy its needs through conflict and by attacking others.
s the Russian invasion of Ukraine enters its fourth day, there has been an outpouring of compassion for Ukrainians, which has garnered widespread coverage in international news outlets.
s diplomatic and military tensions increased between Russia and the West in and around Ukraine, European security came to the fore again as the focal point of the debate over the past year.
But Macron hasn’t changed his own vision of France and is still living in the 90s where the Republic had more clout on the world’s stage and Russia was just rebuilding itself after the collapse of the Soviet Union.