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Turkey’s Elections Are Not Determined By Identity Politics

A quarter century after the USSR – a state based on enforcing an extremely radical and violent version of those universalist Enlightenment ideals -- disintegrated, is it any wonder that the politics of the various successor states are dominated by nationalism?  How much ordem e progresso was achieved by the modernizing military juntas of Central and South America? What about the modernizing elites of Africa’s de-colonizing societies, after taking over the administrative and security institutions already established by the colonizing powers, intoning après nous le déluge in order to obtain weapons and massive development credits from those former colonizers? Did the native administrators – subordinate to the colonizers but lords over their own peoples -- of the South and Southeast Asian British, Dutch, and French colonial empires quickly provide liberté, egalité, fraternité to all of the masses they inherited regardless of caste, gender, ethnicity, or religion? Unfortunately, the vast majority of Westerners have little idea about the details of how these questions have continued to develop over the past century.

FETO indictment: Solving the puzzle of the spiderweb

The indictment adds that the first expansion of the organization began in Central Asia and with the experience it gained there, the organization has been able to spread its activities to other parts of the world by establishing schools, study and cultural centers, language courses, and various clubs or companies in almost 160 countries.

Is Europe Back to Great Power Politics?

and the European central powers demonstrate another challenge against the existing unipolar international order? And does it amount to a return of Europe to great power politics? Indeed, Europe lost its central place in international politics with the rise of the U.